Igizwe n'urubaho rw'umugano n'ubuso bukozwe mu mpapuro za mianzhi cyangwa pizhi zishushanyijeho neza - ubwoko bw'impapuro nto ariko ziramba ahanini zikozwe mu biti - imitaka y'impapuro z'amavuta yo mu Bushinwa imaze igihe kinini ifatwa nk'ikimenyetso cy'umuco w'Ubushinwa n'ubwiza bw'ubuvanganzo.
Amasafuriya y’amavuta yo mu Bushinwa yashushanyijweho tongyou – ubwoko bw’amavuta y’ibimera ava mu mbuto z’igiti cya tung gikunze kuboneka mu Majyepfo y’Ubushinwa – kugira ngo adapfa amazi, amasafuriya y’amavuta yo mu Bushinwa si igikoresho cyo kwirinda imvura cyangwa izuba gusa, ahubwo ni n’ibihangano by’ubuhanzi bifite akamaro gakomeye mu muco n’agaciro k’ubwiza.
Amateka
Amasafuriya y’impapuro z’amavuta yo mu Bushinwa amaze imyaka igera ku bihumbi bibiri, ni amwe mu masafuriya ya kera cyane ku isi. Dukurikije inyandiko z’amateka, amasafuriya ya mbere y’impapuro z’amavuta mu Bushinwa yatangiye kugaragara mu gihe cy’ingoma y’Iburasirazuba ya Han (25-220). Bidatinze yamenyekanye cyane, cyane cyane mu bahanga mu kwandika no gushushanya ku buso bw’amasafuriya mbere y’uko amavuta yo kwirinda amazi akoreshwa mu kwerekana ubuhanga bwabo mu buhanzi n’uburyohe bw’ubuvanganzo. Ibintu byakuwe mu irangi gakondo ry’iwino ry’Abashinwa, nk’inyoni, indabyo n’ahantu nyaburanga, byashoboraga no kuboneka ku masafuriya y’impapuro z’amavuta nk’imitako ikunzwe cyane.
Nyuma, imitaka y’Abashinwa yakoreshejwe mu mpapuro za peteroli yazanywe mu mahanga mu Buyapani no mu bwami bwa kera bwa Koreya bwa Gojoseon mu gihe cy’ingoma ya Tang (618-907), ari nayo mpamvu muri ayo mahanga yombi yari izwi nka “imitaka y’Abatang.” Muri iki gihe, iracyakoreshwa nk’inyongera ku myanya y’abagore mu ikinamico n’imbyino gakondo by’Abayapani.
Mu binyejana byinshi, imitaka y'Abashinwa yakwirakwiriye no mu bindi bihugu byo muri Aziya nka Vietnam na Tayilande.
Ikimenyetso gakondo
Umutaka ukozwe mu mpapuro z'amavuta ni igice cy'ingenzi mu bukwe gakondo bw'Abashinwa. Umutaka ukozwe mu mpapuro z'amavuta ufatwa n'umutaka utukura mu gihe umugeni yakirwa mu rugo rw'umukwe kuko umutaka ufatwa nk'ufasha kwirinda ibyago. Nanone kubera ko umutaka ukozwe mu mpapuro z'amavuta (youzhi) usa n'ijambo "kubyara abana" (youzi), umutaka ufatwa nk'ikimenyetso cy'uburumbuke.
Byongeye kandi, imitaka y'Abashinwa ikoreshwa mu mpapuro z'amavuta ikunze kugaragara mu bitabo by'Abashinwa kugira ngo yerekane urukundo n'ubwiza, cyane cyane mu nkuru ziri mu majyepfo y'uruzi rwa Yangtze aho imvura ikunze kugwa kandi huzuyemo igihu.
Filime na televiziyo byahinduwe bishingiye ku nkuru izwi cyane yo mu Bushinwa ya kera yitwa Madame White Snake akenshi bituma intwari nziza yahindutse inzoka yitwa Bai Suzhen yitwaza umutaka woroshye w'impapuro z'amavuta iyo ahuye n'umukunzi we Xu Xian ku nshuro ya mbere.
“Njyenyine mfite umutaka w’amavuta, ngenda mu nzira ndende yonyine mu mvura…” ni ko igisigo cy’Abashinwa kizwi cyane muri iki gihe cyitwa “A Lane in the Rain” cyanditswe n’umusizi w’Umushinwa Dai Wangshu (nk’uko byahinduwe na Yang Xianyi na Gladys Yang). Iyi shusho iteye agahinda kandi iteye ishozi ni urundi rugero rwa kera rw’umutaka nk’ikimenyetso cy’umuco.
Imiterere y'umutaka izunguruka ituma uba ikimenyetso cyo kongera guhura kuko "uruziga" cyangwa "uruziga" (yuan) mu Gishinwa bifite n'ubusobanuro bwo "guteranira hamwe."
Isoko ryavuye muri Globa Times
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-04-2022