Iserukiramuco ry'amatara

Iserukiramuco ry'amatara ni umunsi mukuru gakondo w'Abashinwa, imigenzo y'Iserukiramuco ry'amatara ifite inzira ndende yo gushinga imizi, ishingiye ku muco gakondo wa kera wo gufungura amatara kugira ngo basenge Imana. Gufungura amatara yo guha umugisha akenshi bitangira mu ijoro rya 14 ry'ukwezi kwa mbere "amatara yo kugerageza", naho ku "matara" y'ijoro rya 15, abantu bagomba gucana amatara, azwi kandi nka "kohereza amatara n'ibibindi", kugira ngo basenge imana.

Kwinjira k'umuco w'Ababuda mu Ngoma y'Iburasirazuba ya Han nabyo byagize uruhare runini mu gushinga imigenzo y'Iserukiramuco ry'Amatara. Mu gihe cya Yongping cy'Umwami Ming w'Ubwami bwa Han, Umwami Ming w'Ubwami bwa Han yategetse ko ijoro rya 15 ry'ukwezi kwa mbere mu ngoro no mu bigo by'abihaye Imana "bacana amatara yo kwerekana Buda" kugira ngo bateze imbere Ububuda. Kubwibyo, umuco wo gucana amatara ku munsi wa 15 w'ukwezi kwa mbere wagiye ukwirakwira buhoro buhoro mu Bushinwa bitewe no kwaguka kw'ingaruka z'umuco w'Ababuda ndetse nyuma yaho hongerwaho umuco w'Abatao.

Mu gihe cy’ingoma zo mu majyaruguru n’amajyepfo, igikorwa cyo gucana amatara mu iserukiramuco ry’amatara cyarakunzwe cyane. Umwami Wu wa Liang yari abizera cyane Ububuda, kandi ingoro ye yari ifite amatara ku itariki ya 15 z’ukwezi kwa mbere. Mu gihe cy’ingoma ya Tang, ihanahana ry’umuco hagati y’Ubushinwa n’ibihugu by’amahanga ryarushijeho kwegereza, Ububuda bwarateye imbere, kandi byari ibisanzwe ko abayobozi n’abantu “bacana amatara ya Bubuda” ku itariki ya 15 z’ukwezi kwa mbere, bityo amatara ya Bubuda yakwirakwiriye mu baturage bose. Kuva ku ngoma ya Tang, iserukiramuco ry’amatara ryabaye igikorwa cyemewe n’amategeko. Umunsi wa 15 w’ukwezi kwa mbere kw’ingengabihe y’ukwezi ni iserukiramuco ry’amatara.

Umunsi wa 15 w'ukwezi kwa mbere mu ngengabihe y'ukwezi ni Umunsi Mukuru w'Itara, uzwi kandi nka Shang Yuan Festival, Umunsi Mukuru w'Itara, n'Umuhango w'Itara. Ukwezi kwa mbere ni ukwezi kwa mbere mu ngengabihe y'ukwezi, kandi abantu ba kera bitaga ijoro "ijoro", bityo umunsi wa 15 w'ukwezi kwa mbere witwa "Umuhango w'Itara".

Bitewe n'impinduka mu mibereho no mu bihe, imigenzo n'ibikorwa by'Iserukiramuco ry'Amatara byahindutse cyane, ariko riracyari iserukiramuco gakondo ry'Abashinwa. Mu ijoro ry'itariki ya 15 y'ukwezi kwa mbere, Abashinwa bagira ibikorwa gakondo bitandukanye nko kureba amatara, kurya amadafu, kurya Iserukiramuco ry'Amatara, gukeka amatara, no gucana ibishashi.